{"id":212,"date":"2023-08-21T08:05:01","date_gmt":"2023-08-21T08:05:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/?page_id=212"},"modified":"2024-10-08T17:42:34","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T17:42:34","slug":"male-fertility","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/infertility\/male-fertility\/","title":{"rendered":"Male Fertility Evaluation"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
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MALE FERTILITY EVALUATION<\/h1>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n\n\n\n
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We provide a full Male Fertility Evaluation according to every patient\u2019s medical history and also according to WHO 6th edition criteria.<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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More Specifically:<\/p>\n

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  • Basic Semen Examination which includes:<\/strong>\n
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    • macroscopic examination and samplings for semen culture<\/li>\n
    • microscopic investigation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Extended Analysis<\/span><\/strong> (sperm DNA fragmentation Index – DFI, genetic testing for male infertility factors etc)<\/li>\n
    • Advanced Analysis <\/span><\/strong> (seminal oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species testing – sORP, computer-aided sperm analysis – CASA etc)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

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      According to WHO 6th edition (2021), Basic Semen Examination<\/strong> is the first and common screening for males.\u00a0The\u00a0 most highly recommended and important (macro- and micro-scopic) parameters to be evaluated are:\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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      • Semen Volume<\/span><\/li>\n
      • liquefaction<\/span><\/li>\n
      • appearance<\/span><\/li>\n
      • viscosity<\/span><\/li>\n
      • pH<\/span><\/li>\n
      • concentration<\/span><\/li>\n
      • motility<\/span><\/li>\n
      • morphology<\/span><\/li>\n
      • presence of other cells<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        * All in compliance with the World Health Organization 6th edition, 2021.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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        Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index testing (DFI)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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        Sperm DNA fragmentation (DFI) is one of the most common disturbances affecting male genetic material.<\/span><\/p>\n

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        Sperm DFI testing belongs to<\/span> Extended Sperm Analysis<\/strong><\/b> and is a molecular technique that detects the percentage of spermatozoa with fragmented \u2013 damaged material. These spermatozoa have entered the process of apoptosis (programmed cell death), which actually is a normal process, followed by all cells of each living organism. Subfertile individuals, however, have a higher percentage of apoptotic sperm cells than the fertile population has.<\/span><\/p>\n


        \nSperm DNA fragmentation has been associated with reduced insemination and fertilization rates, embryo quality, pregnancy rates, increased miscarriage rates and increased chance of spontaneous abortion or premature termination of embryonic development<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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        We categorize the DFI in three groups:<\/span><\/p>\n

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        • 0-15%: Low DNA fragmentation index – High fertilization capacity<\/span><\/li>\n
        • 16-30%:\u00a0 Moderate DNA fragmentation index – Moderate fertilization capacity<\/span><\/li>\n
        • >30%: High DNA fragmentation index – Low fertilization capacity<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
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          Causes for DNA Fragmentation Index:<\/span><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

          Very many causes can increase DNA fragmentation, such as high temperature, hot baths, heavy smoking, long term use of steroids, obesity, unhealthy diet etc)<\/span><\/p>\n

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          According to WHO 2021,<\/span>\u00a0 Advanced Analysis Testing <\/b>includes\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

          Seminal oxidative stress (OS)<\/b>\u00a0index, a well-known situation that could affect male fertility. Increasing evidence suggests that\u00a0<\/span>oxidative stress (OS)<\/b>\u00a0may plays an independent role in the etiology of male infertility, with 30% – 80% of subfertile men having elevated seminal reactive oxygen species levels.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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          Oxidative stress (OS)<\/b> can negatively affect fertility via a number of pathways, including interference to capacitation and possible damage to sperm membrane and DNA, which may impair the sperm\u2019s potential to fertilize.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n

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          We propose the term\u00a0<\/span>Male Oxidative Stress Infertility, or MOSI,<\/b>\u00a0as a novel descriptor for infertile men with abnormal semen characteristics and OS, including many patients who were previously classified as having idiopathic male infertility. With the increasing awareness and understanding of MOSI as a distinct male infertility diagnosis, future research endeavors can facilitate the development of evidence-based treatments that target its underlying cause.<\/span>
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          \n<\/span>Causes for Sperm Oxidative stress:<\/b><\/p>\n

          As for DNA fragmentation,<\/span> very many causes can be incriminated for Oxidative Stress imbalance, such as heavy smoking, medication, alcohol, health problems (i.e. diabetes, some cancer types, prostatitis, inflammations) and other factors associated to the male reproduction system.<\/span><\/p>\n

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          The\u00a0<\/span>Seminal Oxidative Stress<\/b>\u00a0is being performed in\u00a0<\/span>IVF Athens Center,<\/b>\u00a0through a specialized device utilization in our Andrology Laboratory.<\/span><\/p>\n


          \n<\/span>The test is performed on a sperm sample, with a restrictive parameter in the presence of a sufficient number of spermatozoa (sperm concentration> 1 million sperm \/ mL).<\/span>
          \n<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n<\/section>\n\n\n

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          \r\n FAQs About Male Subfertility? <\/h3>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n
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          \r\n How many days of abstinence is best for a representative semen analysis? <\/h4>\r\n
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          According to WHO guidelines, 3-5 days of abstinence is the recommended time before a semen analysis. Semen volume and sperm count (concentration) increase after that period, but on the other hand, motility (movement) and morphology of spermatozoa decrease<\/span> significantly after\u00a0<\/span>7\u201310 days. That’s why recent bibliographic data indicate as more representative the result, when the abstinence period is not more than two days.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n

          \r\n Can stress affect a sperm analysis? <\/h4>\r\n
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          Stress factors can clearly affect a sperm analysis, and studies have even observed a 39% decrease in sperm concenration and a 48% in motility, associated with the stress of producing a sample. That’s why in IVF Athens Center we have a specially designed room to reduce any possible stress factors during the procedure.<\/span> of each fertility process!<\/span><\/p>\n <\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n\n\n\n

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          In IVF Athens Center, we firmly believe that the personalized approach and the tailored therapy are the keys to success of each fertility process!<\/p>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          In IVF Athens Center, we firmly believe that the personalized approach and the tailored therapy are the keys to success of each fertility process!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":6095,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-212","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=212"}],"version-history":[{"count":128,"href":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/212\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3656,"href":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/212\/revisions\/3656"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6095"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ivfathenscenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}